There are different stages of crime based on the accused involve in crime. whenever a crime happens and that too intentionally, there is a full-fledged process or stage behind it. There are four stage of crime which are as follows:
- Intention
The intention is the first stage of any offence and is also known as the mental or psycho stage.
Where there is a single person and thinks something, whether he/she has good motives or bad, it cannot be a crime. Simply thinking is not regarded as crime in criminal jurisprudence. This stage is not taken seriously by the criminal law because just thinking or intending to achieve any result is not sufficient to impose the criminal liability. It is also difficult to be proved as to whether certain state of mind had a concept to commit a crime or not.
For Example: A wants to kill B.
2.Preperation
Preparation is the second stage amongst the stage of crime. It means to arrange the necessary resources for the execution of the intentional criminal act. Intention and preparation alone are not enough to constitute a crime.
Preparation is not punishable because in many cases the prosecution fails to prove that the preparations in the question are for the execution of the particular crime.
For Example: ‘A’ wants to kill ‘B’ So ‘A’ bought a Gun.
3.Attempt
An attempt is a direct movement towards the execution of a crime after the preparation of the plan. According to law, a person is guilty of an attempt to commit an offense if he/she does an act which is more than simply preparatory to the commission of the offense.
Moreover, a person is guilty of attempting to commit an offense even though the facts are such that the execution of the offense seems to be impossible.
For example: ‘A’ intended to kill ‘B.’ To carry out this intention, ‘A’ prepared to kill ‘B’ by buying a gun. While ‘B’ was traveling in a car, ‘A’ decided to shoot her and started firing. However, the car window was bulletproof. Here, ‘A’ attempted to kill ‘B,’ and ‘A’ is liable for punishment.”
According to National Penal Code, 2074, Section 34, Prohibition of attempt to commit offence. It is mentioned that “No person shall make attempt to commit an offence.Even if it is impossible for an offence to be committed for which attempt is made, attempt shall be considered to have been committed. and a person who attempts, or causes attempt, to commit an offence shall be punished with one half of the punishment specified for such offence.”
4.Actual commission (Complete Crime)
This is the last stage of Crime conduct which is also called accomplishment of the commission of crime. In this stage if the accused becomes successful in hi attempt to commit the crime, he will be guilty of the complete Offense.
It is successfully Committed and the Consequences of the crime materializes.
For Example: ‘A’ Strikes the trigger of a pistol and hits in the forehead of ‘B’ by Bullet and B dies on the spot. ‘A’ will be guilty of committing the offense of murder”.
Conclusion:
Stage of Crime Concluded that each and every stage must be taken into account for charging someone as an offender or criminally liable and it is essential that all the stage are fulfilled or satisfied simultaneously and if even one stage is absent it will not amount to complete crime.
